In some cities, the cold weather is so extreme it could reach -40 Fahrenheit (-40 degrees Celcius). Residents of Canada's capital take advantage of the cold temperatures by trekking the 93 miles of trails in the Greenbelt area around Ottawa. Vladivostok, Russia In eastern Russia near the border of China, you will find the city of Novosibirsk with an average air temperature of around -13 degrees Celsius.