The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced its Greenhouse Gas Emissions Standards for Heavy-Duty Vehicles – Phase 3 of the Clean Trucks Plan from 2016. The final standards set stronger carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) standards for model years 2027 through 2032 and will avoid, “1 billion tons of greenhouse gas emissions and provide $13 billion in annualized net benefits to society related to public health, the climate and savings for truck owners and operators” The EPA said it is not proposing or adopt