International Researchers Explore New Territory in the Grand Challenges of Wind Energy Science NREL Researchers Led a Report Tackling Atmospheric Science, Turbine Technology, Grid Integration, Environmental Codesign, and Social Science Paul Veers led a 2023 International Energy Agency Topical Expert Meeting on the five grand challenges of wind energy. For wind energy to realize its role in the clean energy transition, the industry must address critical issues around the design, development, and deployment of wind turbines and power plants.