In both upper-middle-income and high-income countries, contemporary healthcare and social service systems are struggling to address these systematic differences in health trajectories. These interplays pose challenges for institutions seeking to reduce social inequality in health, requiring novel and innovative approaches that engage multiple partners across public, private and academic institutions. Public-private partnerships (PPPs) are any partnership or arrangement between public and private institutions, where involved partners collaborate to achieve a common goal. However, evidence on the impact of such partnerships