Kusukela ngo-2017, abacwaningi bebelokhu besebenza ukuhlanganisa amandla okuhwamuka ngokusebenzisa umphumela we-hydrovoltaic (HV). Ukuhwamuka kusungula ukugeleza okuqhubekayo ngaphakathi kwama-nanochannels ngaphakathi kwalezi zinsiza, ezisebenza njengezindlela zokupompa ezingasebenzi. Lo mphumela ubonakala nase-microcapillaries yezitshalo, lapho ukuthuthwa kwamanzi kwenzeka ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwengcindezi ye-capillary.